油藏工程
样例:芳48试验区注气开发效果研究
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- 随着国民经济的高速发展,原油需求量日益增加,但是我国东部主力油田均进入了高含水期,原油产量呈下滑趋势。进入90 年代以来,低渗透油田的储量增长很快,在总探明储量中所占的比例越来越大。近几年,在当年探明的石油地质储量中,低渗透层储量所占的比例高达60% ~70%,这表明低渗透层将是今后相当一个时期增储上产的主要资源基础,低渗透油田储量的动用和开发已成为我国路上石油工业稳定发展的重要潜力之一。低渗透油田的开发比中高渗透油田的开发难度要大得多,存在的问题也多,因此应加强低渗透油层开采机理的分析研究及加强工艺技术攻关试验。 芳48 试验区是一个典型的低渗透油田,影响芳48 区块油田开发效果的主要因素是油层的渗透率和启动压力梯度等。本文通过对低渗透岩石拟启动压力、油水相对渗透率、气油相对渗透率和提高原油采收率的试验研究,得出该试验区岩心存在拟启动压力,这是决定该区块采用何种方式开发的重要原因之一。由于是低渗透油田,油田的可动用饱和度相对较低,所以油田见水后, 产油指数下降非常快,而产液指数上升较慢,因此对于低渗透油田开发单靠提高产液能力很难达到稳产目的。虽然气驱效率明显优于水驱效率,气驱残余油饱和度比水驱低,但气水相对渗透率也抬不起来。进行水气交替驱能够提高原油采收率,但在不同气体中二氧化碳和天然气驱优于氮气驱。
有瑕疵译文
With the super-speed development of national economy, the demand of oil is more increasing, but the major oilfields in the east of our country have been in the high water-cut period, and the production of oil is dropping. Since the 90s, the reserves of the low permeability oilfields have been increasing quickly, and it keeps the larger and larger proportion in the total proved reserves. In the past few years, the proportion of the reserves of the low permeability zones have been up to 60%~70% of the proved reserves of that year. It expresses that the low permeability zones will be the main resources foundation of increasing reserves and ascending production in a long period of the future, and the using and development of the reserves of the low permeability oilfields have been one of important potentials of stable development of petroleum industry of our country. The development of the low permeability oilfields is more difficult than that of the high and middle permeability oilfields, and the problems of the development of the low permeability oilfields are too many, so it is necessary to pay more attention to performance the analysis research of exploitation mechanism of the low permeability zones and the pass experiments of process technique. Fang forty-eight pilot area is a typical low permeability oilfield, and the main factors that affect the development result of Fang forty-eight pilot area are the permeability and starting pressure gradient. Trough the experiment study of the pseudo-starting pressure, oil-water relative permeability, gas-oil relative permeability and enhanced oil recovery of the low permeability, the paper draws the conclusion that the rock in the test area exists the pseudo-starting pressure, which is one of important reasons to decide the recovery scheme. Because of the low permeability oilfield, the saturation to use is low. When the oilfield exists water breakthrough, the drop of the oil production index is very quickly, and the rise of the liquid production index is very slowly, so only raising the liquid production ability is difficult for the development of the low permeability oilfield to attain the purpose of steady production. Although the efficiency of gas drive is better than water drive, and the residual saturation of gas drive is lower than that of water drive, the gas-water relative permeability could not rise. It can enhance oil recovery to performance water-gas alternation drive, but carbon dioxide drive and natural gas drive are better than nitrogen drive in different air.
修改后译文
With the rapid development of national economy, the demand for crude oil becomes increasingly pronounced, however, all the major oilfields in the east of our country have entered into high water cut stage and the output of crude oil has been declining. Since the 1990s, the reserves of the low permeability oilfields have been increasing very quickly, accounting for an increasing proportion in the total proved reserves. In recent years, the proportion of the reserves of the low permeability zones are up to 60%~70% of the proved reserves of that year, which indicates that low permeability zones will be the resource base for promoting reserve and production in a long period in the future. The exploitation and development of low permeability oilfields has become one of important potentials of stable development of petroleum industry of our country. It is more difficult to develop low permeability oilfields than the high permeability ones and there are many problems, therefore, the analysis of the production mechanism of the low permeability zones and technical tests should be strengthened. Fang 48 pilot area is a typical low permeability oilfield, and the main influence factors on its development efficiency are the permeability and starting pressure gradient. The existence of pseudo-starting pressure, which was one of deciding factors for the recovery scheme, was proved through the experimental studies on pseudo-starting pressure, oil-water relative permeability, gas-oil relative permeability and enhanced oil recovery of the low permeabili[1] [2] 下一页
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