遗传学
样例:细胞松弛素B对多头绒泡菌有丝分裂的影响
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- 肌动蛋白存在于动物、植物的细胞核和染色体（染色质）中［1～6］，是细胞核或染色体骨架的组成成分之一［7］。有关肌动蛋白在细胞核中的功能研究还不多。Lestourgeon等人观察到，当细胞核体积增加或核内染色体集缩时肌动蛋白的含量增加，因此认为肌动蛋白可能参与染色质多种结构状态的维持和调节过程［4］。Rugger等人发现将抗肌动蛋白抗体注射入非洲爪蟾卵母细胞可抑制染色体的集缩过程，因此认为肌动蛋白与染色体集缩有关［8］。 Scheer等人发现将抗肌动蛋白抗体或肌动蛋白结合蛋白注射入细胞可引起灯刷染色体侧环收缩，因此推测肌动蛋白与灯刷染色体侧环伸展和基因转录有关［9］。还有一些研究结果表明，肌动蛋白可能与细胞核的定位和定向移动［10］、胞质分裂时分裂沟的形成［11］、染色体的运动［12］、多线染色体结构的维系［13］等有关。关于肌动蛋白是否参与其他一些细胞生命活动过程（如细胞分裂周期的调控、细胞分化等），目前的研究报道还很少。
本文观察到经CB处理的多头绒泡菌细胞核进入有丝分裂的时间迟于对照组，这表明一旦肌动蛋白的功能被抑制，多头绒泡菌有丝分裂就受到明显的影响。在有丝分裂周期各个时相（S期、G2早期、G2中期和G2晚期）进行CB处理的样品中，前期到中期的时间以及中期到后末期的时间与对照组的基本相同。另外，对照样品在有丝分裂过程中发生核仁偏移和解体、染色体集缩、染色体排列在赤道板上以及向两极移动等变化，CB处理样品中也发生同样的变化。这说明CB对多头绒泡菌有丝分裂周期的影响主要在有丝分裂的启动上，即肌动蛋白可能与有丝分裂的启动有关，而CB处理使有丝分裂的启动受阻。
错误译文
Actin exists in animal and plant nuclei and chromosomes (chromatin) [1-6], is one of the components of skeleton of nuclei or chromosomes [7]. Research on the function of actin in the nucleus is not much. Lestourgeon, et al. observed that the content of actin increased as the volume of the nucleus increased or the chromosomes in the nucleus condensed, thus believed that actin may be involved in the maintenance and regulation process of a variety of chromatin states [4]. Rugger, et al. found that anti-actin antibody could inhibit the condensation of chromosomes when it was injected into Xenopus laevis oocytes; as a result, they believed that actin was related to the condensation of chromosomes [8]. Scheer, et al. found that the contraction of light brush chromosome side rings might occur when the anti-actin antibody or actin-binding protein was injected in to cells, then they conferred that actin was related to the stretch of light brush chromosome side rings and the gene transcription [9]. Some other research results showed that actin may have some thing to do with the positioning and directional movement of the nucleus [10], the formation of furrow during the division of cytoplasm [11], the movement of chromosomes [12], the maintenance of polytene chromosome structure [13] and so on. But there is little research on whether actin is involved in some other life activities (such as the regulation on cell division cycle, cell differentiation, etc.).
In this paper, it was found that the nucleus in Physarum polycephalum after CB treatment began its mitosis later than that in the control group, indicating that once the function of actin was inhibited, the mitosis of Physarum polycephalum would be affected obviously. For samples with CB treatment in each phase of mitotic cycle (S phase, early G2 phase, G2 metaphase and late G2 phase), the time from prophase to metaphase and the time from metaphase to kataphase were almost the same as those in the control group. In addition, there were changes, like migration and disintegration of the nucleolus, condensation of chromosomes, arrangement of chromosomes in the equatorial board and movements of chromosomes to the poles, during the mitosis, while samples with CB treatment had the same changes, suggesting that the effect of CB on the mitotic cycle of Physarum polycephalum is concentrated on the startup of mitosis, that is, actin may be related to the startup of mitosis, and CB treatment delays the startup of mitosis.
修改后译文
Actin exists in the nuclei and chromosomes (chromatin) of animal and plant [1-6], which is one of the components of skeleton of nuclei or chromosomes [7]. Few research was about the function of actin in the nucleus. Lestourgeon, et al. observed that the content of actin increased as the volume of the nuclei increased or the chromosomes in the nucleus condensed, thus they believed that actin may be involved in the maintenance and regulation process of the variety states of chromatin [4]. Rugger, et al. found that anti-actin antibody could inhibit the condensation of chromosomes when it was injected into the oocytes of Xenopus laevis, as a result, they believed that actin was related to the condensation of chromosomes [8]. Scheer, et al. found that the side rings of lampbrush chromosome condensed when the anti-actin antibody or actin-binding protein was injected into the cells, then they conjectured that actin was related to the stretch of the side rings of lampbrush chromosome and the gene transcription [9]. Some other research results showed that actin may have something to do with the positioning and directional movement of the nucleus [10], the formation of cleavage furrow during the process of cytokinesis[11],the movement of chromosomes [12], the maintenance of polytene chromosome structure [13] and so on. But few research was reported on whether actin is involved in some other life activities (such a[1] [2] 下一页
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